Back to subject papers

BIOLOGY · HKDSE

BIOLOGY/21

(Elective Part - any 2 of 4 electives)

Biology · 2024 · Variant 1

Relative difficulty

Demanding · 3.8/5

Analysis source: Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority (HKEAA)

Analysis aligned to the official syllabus and assessment design.

Relative difficulty

3.8 / 5

Total marks

160

Duration

210 min

Most tested topic

Animal physiology, enzymology and experimental analysis

Cohort performance

Session statistics from official examination reports

Total marks

160

Duration

210 min

Session difficulty

3.8 / 5

Level 5**

~76% of max

Level 5*

~69% of max

Level 5

~61% of max

Key examiner messages

Top priorities from the principal examiner before you revise

1

The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars). While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills. Section A contains several low-correct-rate M

2

The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars).

3

While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills.

4

Section A contains several low-correct-rate MC questions (e.g., Q23 on tactile discrimination at 15%, Q31 on auxin anomalies at 19%), demonstrating that rote learning is no longer sufficient to secure top grades.

Question difficulty map

How candidates performed on each question in this series

No data available in official reports

Assessment objectives

Skill and AO weighting from official examiner commentary

Analysis & G6
Recall & Understanding5
Biological Experimental4
Logical2
Deduction & Logical1

Skill weighting

Shows the skill mix this paper tested most heavily.

Analysis & GAnalysis & GRecall & UnderstandingRecall &UnderstandingBiological ExperimentalBiologicalExperimentalLogicalLogicalDeduction & LogicalDeduction &Logical
SkillWeightShare
  • Analysis & G

    Weight: 6100%
  • Recall & Understanding

    Weight: 583%
  • Biological Experimental

    Weight: 467%
  • Logical

    Weight: 233%
  • Deduction & Logical

    Weight: 117%

Method marks watchlist

Where working, steps, or method marks were commonly lost

No data available in official reports

Recurring mistakes across years

Themes examiners flag in multiple recent sessions for this subject

No data available in official reports

Question choice intelligence

Mean scores and popularity for optional questions (HKDSE electives)

No data available in official reports

Level exemplars

What candidate scripts at each grade level looked like

No data available in official reports

Grade & admission context

How marks relate to grade thresholds and entry standards

Reporting source

HKEAA Subject Examination Report — comments on candidates’ performance with marking schemes

Level 5**

Outstanding — competitive JUPAS programmes (medicine, law, top faculties)

Level 5*

Excellent — strong JUPAS profile for selective programmes

Level 5

Good — meets most university entrance requirements

Level 4

Satisfactory — foundation programmes or less selective routes

Level 3

Pass threshold for many sub-degree and vocational pathways

Admission context

Levels feed JUPAS and non-JUPAS university applications; 5** and 5* are most selective

Deep insights

What top candidates did

Techniques and approaches examiners rewarded in this series

No data available in official reports

Command word playbook

How to match each command word to the expected response style

ExplainFrequency: 22

Give reasons and link mechanism to outcome; each point needs a because/so chain.

DescribeFrequency: 14

State features in sequence or list observable properties — do not explain causes unless asked.

SuggestFrequency: 12

Apply knowledge to an unfamiliar context; concise, practical points score best.

DeduceFrequency: 5

Match the expected response style for “Deduce” questions.

CalculateFrequency: 2

Show formula, substitution, and unit; method marks need visible working.

Time traps

Sections where candidates spent disproportionate time relative to marks

Paper 2 Elective 130m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.5

Paper 2 Elective 430m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.5

Paper 1 Section B (15m / 11 marks

Min per mark: 1.4

Paper 1 Section A (45m / 36 marks

Min per mark: 1.3

Syllabus traceability

Topics linked to questions and mark weighting in this session

Essential life processes in animals

22 marks this session

Cellular energetics

16 marks this session

Human impact on the environment

11 marks this session

MCQ trap analytics

Commonly chosen wrong options from examiner commentary

No data available in official reports

Topic heatmap across years

Mark concentration by topic and exam year for this subject

Mark intensity

LowHigh
Topic
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Σ

Essential life processes in animals

18
14
13
22
67

Essential life processes in plants

20
15
19
54

Biodiversity and evolution

16
15
31

Human impact on the environment

20
11
31

Ecosystems

17
11
28

Cellular energetics

16
16

Basic genetics

14
14

Molecular genetics

11
11

Paper comparison

Marks and duration breakdown across papers in this session

Paper 1 (Section A & B):

120 marks150 min

Paper 2 (Electives):

40 marks60 min

Marks you can still earn

Where valid approaches outside the mark scheme may still gain credit

No data available in official reports

Practise what examiners flagged

Target weak topics from this report inside the Revui app

Self-diagnostic checklist

Key actions before you sit this paper — copy and tick off as you revise

  • 1Message

    The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars). While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills. Section A contains several low-correct-rate M

  • 2Message

    The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars).

  • 3Message

    While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills.

  • 4Message

    Section A contains several low-correct-rate MC questions (e.g., Q23 on tactile discrimination at 15%, Q31 on auxin anomalies at 19%), demonstrating that rote learning is no longer sufficient to secure top grades.

Teacher briefing pack

One-page session summary for tutors and classroom review

2024 2024

Biology

The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars). While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills. Section A contains several low-correct-rate M

  • The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars). While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills. Section A contains several low-correct-rate M

  • The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars).

  • While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills.

Total marks
160
Duration
210 min
Session difficulty
3.8 / 5
Level 5**
~76% of max
Level 5*
~69% of max
Level 5
~61% of max

Session analysis

The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars). While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills. Section A contains several low-correct-rate MC questions (e.g., Q23 on tactile discrimination at 15%, Q31 on auxin anomalies at 19%), demonstrating that rote learning is no longer sufficient to secure top grades.

Updated Jun 11, 2026

Paper breakdown

Paper 1 (Section A & B):

120 marks150 min

Paper 2 (Electives):

40 marks60 min

Top chapters

Essential life processes in animals22 marks
Cellular energetics16 marks
Human impact on the environment11 marks

Exam structure insights

Marks by chapter

See where the marks were concentrated so revision time goes to the highest-value topics.

Essential life processes in ani22 marks
Cellular energetics16 marks
Coordination and response11 marks
Human impact on the environment11 marks
Basic genetics10 marks
Molecular genetics10 marks
Ecosystems9 marks
Diseases8 marks

Mark accessibility

Estimate which marks were basic, mid-level, or high-difficulty.

75% within easy or medium reach

45
75
40
Easy: 45 marksMedium: 75 marksHard: 40 marks

Command word frequency

Spot common command words so answers match the expected response style.

Explain22 times
Describe14 times
Suggest12 times
Deduce5 times
Calculate2 times

Question type mix

Compare the mark share of each paper section and question type.

160Marks
  • Structured Conventional

    73·10·46%

  • Elective Structured Questions

    40·4·25%

  • Multiple Choice

    36·36·23%

  • Essay / Extended Writing

    11·1·7%

Study ROI

Bigger bubbles recur more often; higher bubbles carry more marks, helping you rank revision priorities.

DifficultyRecurrence %Cellular energetic…Essential life pro…Basic genetics & P…Osmoregulation (El…

Difficulty trend

Compare difficulty across recent years.

320213.520223.820233.82024

Time vs marks

Compare marks with suggested time allocation to plan exam pacing.

MarksMinutesMarks / min

Paper 1 Section A (

0.80 m/min
36
45

Paper 1 Section B (

0.73 m/min
11
15

Paper 2 Elective 1

0.67 m/min
20
30

Paper 2 Elective 4

0.67 m/min
20
30

Total marks

87

Total time

120 min

Avg pace

0.72

Cumulative marks ladder

The line is your running mark total question by question; dashed lines are the estimated grade cut-offs. See which question the line crosses your target grade at, so you know how far you must answer cleanly and which questions decide a band.

040801201605** estimated5* estimated5 estimated4 estimated3 estimated2 estimated1 estimatedU estimated363942Q2 (Mutation4957Q4 (Capillary6678Q6 (Enzyme In8896Q8 (Disease &101109Q10 (Meiosis120140160

Difficulty Verdict

The 2024 HKDSE Biology exam presents a moderate-to-high difficulty level (3.8 out of 5 stars). While standard recall questions are present, candidates are heavily tested on their data-deduction abilities and scientific inquiry skills. Section A contains several low-correct-rate MC questions (e.g., Q23 on tactile discrimination at 15%, Q31 on auxin anomalies at 19%), demonstrating that rote learning is no longer sufficient to secure top grades.

Where the Marks Are

Marks are heavily concentrated in Essential Life Processes in Animals and Cellular Energetics. The conventional paper rewards precise terminology and structured logic. For instance, in Q4 (Capillary Exchange), candidates must explicitly link hydrostatic pressure gradient and water potential gradient to the direction of fluid movement. In Paper 2, candidates who chose Elective 1 (Human Physiology) and Elective 4 (Biotechnology) faced demanding experimental design tasks, including hormone feedback mechanism explanations and gel electrophoresis well placement logic.

Examiner notes & key calculations

  • PCR Primer Selection (Paper 2 Q4b): Many candidates struggled to select the correct primers, failing to realize that primer Q, being too close to the restriction site, would result in truncated fragments that are lost during gel electrophoresis.
  • Anode vs. Cathode Direction (Paper 2 Q4b): A classic blunder occurred where candidates failed to position sample wells near the cathode (negative pole), forgetting that DNA fragments are negatively charged and migrate towards the positive anode.
  • Inadequate Controls in Experimental Design (Paper 1 Q7b): When designing a respiration set-up for algae, candidates often forgot to block out light (using aluminium foil) to prevent photosynthesis, which would otherwise recycle carbon dioxide and invalidate the respiration indicator.

Exam tips

Paper format

Duration
1h
Total marks
40

Analysis is paraphrased for study purposes. Always verify against the official examiner report and mark scheme.

BIOLOGY/21 — HKDSE Biology (2024) | Revui