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ECONOMICS · Pearson Edexcel IGCSE

ECONOMICS/12

Paper 1

Economics · 2024 · Variant 2

Relative difficulty

Demanding · 3.5/5

Analysis source: Pearson Edexcel

Analysis aligned to the official syllabus and assessment design.

Relative difficulty

3.5 / 5

Total marks

160

Duration

180 min

Most tested topic

International trade

Cohort performance

Session statistics from official examination reports

Total marks

160

Duration

180 min

Session difficulty

3.5 / 5

Key examiner messages

Top priorities from the principal examiner before you revise

1

Overall, the Summer 2024 series presented a fair yet rigorous test of economic competency.

2

Paper 1 (Microeconomics) leaned heavily on clear graphical proficiency and fundamental cost classifications, while Paper 2 (Macroeconomics) demanded strong analytical chains regarding contemporary global challenges such as trade integration and environmental conservation.

3

The overall difficulty is rated at a 3.5 out of 5, representing a balanced paper with accessible entry points but highly differentiating evaluation questions.

Question difficulty map

How candidates performed on each question in this series

No data available in official reports

Assessment objectives

Skill and AO weighting from official examiner commentary

Knowledge & Understanding5
Application (AO2)3
Analysis (AO3)2
Evaluation (AO4)1

Skill weighting

Shows the skill mix this paper tested most heavily.

Knowledge & UnderstandingKnowledge &UnderstandingApplication (AO2)Application(AO2)Analysis (AO3)Analysis (AO3)Evaluation (AO4)Evaluation (AO4)
SkillWeightShare
  • Knowledge & Understanding

    Weight: 5100%
  • Application (AO2)

    Weight: 360%
  • Analysis (AO3)

    Weight: 240%
  • Evaluation (AO4)

    Weight: 120%

Method marks watchlist

Where working, steps, or method marks were commonly lost

No data available in official reports

Recurring mistakes across years

Themes examiners flag in multiple recent sessions for this subject

No data available in official reports

Question choice intelligence

Mean scores and popularity for optional questions (HKDSE electives)

No data available in official reports

Level exemplars

What candidate scripts at each grade level looked like

No data available in official reports

Grade & admission context

How marks relate to grade thresholds and entry standards

Report type

Examiner report — national grade boundaries and question-level commentary

Deep insights

What top candidates did

Techniques and approaches examiners rewarded in this series

No data available in official reports

Command word playbook

How to match each command word to the expected response style

CalculateFrequency: 6

Show formula, substitution, and unit; method marks need visible working.

ExplainFrequency: 4

Give reasons and link mechanism to outcome; each point needs a because/so chain.

AnalyseFrequency: 6

Break into parts and explain how each contributes to the whole question focus.

AssessFrequency: 4

Match the expected response style for “Assess” questions.

EvaluateFrequency: 2

Weigh arguments for and against with evidence; end with a supported judgement.

DrawFrequency: 4

Match the expected response style for “Draw” questions.

Time traps

Sections where candidates spent disproportionate time relative to marks

Paper 1 - Question 110m / 5 marks

Min per mark: 2

Paper 1 - Question 323m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.2

Paper 1 - Question 423m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.2

Paper 2 - Question 323m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.2

Paper 2 - Question 423m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.2

Paper 1 - Question 222m / 20 marks

Min per mark: 1.1

Syllabus traceability

Topics linked to questions and mark weighting in this session

International trade

23 marks this session

Elasticity

17 marks this session

Macroeconomic objectives

17 marks this session

Government policies

16 marks this session

MCQ trap analytics

Commonly chosen wrong options from examiner commentary

No data available in official reports

Topic heatmap across years

Mark concentration by topic and exam year for this subject

Mark intensity

LowHigh
Topic
2023
2024
2025
Σ

Government policies

45
30
24
99

International trade

17
15
32

Macroeconomic objectives

20
20

Relationships between objectives and policies

18
18

Elasticity

17
17

The economic problem

16
16

The labour market

15
15

Externalities

13
13

Paper comparison

Marks and duration breakdown across papers in this session

Paper 1: Microeconomics and Business Economics (4EC1/01R):

80 marks90 min

Paper 2: Macroeconomics and the Global Economy (4EC1/02R):

80 marks90 min

Marks you can still earn

Where valid approaches outside the mark scheme may still gain credit

No data available in official reports

Practise what examiners flagged

Target weak topics from this report inside the Revui app

Self-diagnostic checklist

Key actions before you sit this paper — copy and tick off as you revise

  • 1Message

    Overall, the Summer 2024 series presented a fair yet rigorous test of economic competency.

  • 2Message

    Paper 1 (Microeconomics) leaned heavily on clear graphical proficiency and fundamental cost classifications, while Paper 2 (Macroeconomics) demanded strong analytical chains regarding contemporary global challenges such as trade integration and environmental conservation.

  • 3Message

    The overall difficulty is rated at a 3.5 out of 5, representing a balanced paper with accessible entry points but highly differentiating evaluation questions.

Teacher briefing pack

One-page session summary for tutors and classroom review

2024 2024

Economics

Overall, the Summer 2024 series presented a fair yet rigorous test of economic competency. Paper 1 (Microeconomics) leaned heavily on clear graphical proficiency and fundamental cost classifications, while Paper 2 (Macroeconomics) demanded strong analytical chains regarding conte

  • Overall, the Summer 2024 series presented a fair yet rigorous test of economic competency.

  • Paper 1 (Microeconomics) leaned heavily on clear graphical proficiency and fundamental cost classifications, while Paper 2 (Macroeconomics) demanded strong analytical chains regarding contemporary global challenges such as trade integration and environmental conservation.

  • The overall difficulty is rated at a 3.5 out of 5, representing a balanced paper with accessible entry points but highly differentiating evaluation questions.

Total marks
160
Duration
180 min
Session difficulty
3.5 / 5

Session analysis

Overall, the Summer 2024 series presented a fair yet rigorous test of economic competency. Paper 1 (Microeconomics) leaned heavily on clear graphical proficiency and fundamental cost classifications, while Paper 2 (Macroeconomics) demanded strong analytical chains regarding contemporary global challenges such as trade integration and environmental conservation. The overall difficulty is rated at a 3.5 out of 5, representing a balanced paper with accessible entry points but highly differentiating evaluation questions.

Updated Jun 13, 2026

Paper breakdown

Paper 1: Microeconomics and Business Economics (4EC1/01R):

80 marks90 min

Paper 2: Macroeconomics and the Global Economy (4EC1/02R):

80 marks90 min

Top chapters

International trade23 marks
Elasticity17 marks
Macroeconomic objectives17 marks
Government policies16 marks

Exam structure insights

Marks by chapter

See where the marks were concentrated so revision time goes to the highest-value topics.

Elasticity17 marks
The mixed economy4 marks
Externalities14 marks
Macroeconomic objectives17 marks
Exchange rates5 marks
The economic problem3 marks
Economic assumptions6 marks
International trade23 marks

Mark accessibility

Estimate which marks were basic, mid-level, or high-difficulty.

63% within easy or medium reach

37
63
60
Easy: 37 marksMedium: 63 marksHard: 60 marks

Command word frequency

Spot common command words so answers match the expected response style.

Calculate6 times
Explain4 times
Analyse6 times
Assess4 times
Evaluate2 times
Draw4 times

Question type mix

Compare the mark share of each paper section and question type.

160Marks
  • Calculation & Diagram Draw

    (3-mark)

    36·12·23%

  • Assessment

    (9-mark)

    36·4·23%

  • Analysis

    (6-mark)

    30·5·19%

  • Short Answer / Explain

    (2-mark)

    24·12·15%

  • Evaluation

    (12-mark)

    24·2·15%

  • Multiple Choice

    (1-mark)

    10·10·6%

Study ROI

Bigger bubbles recur more often; higher bubbles carry more marks, helping you rank revision priorities.

DifficultyRecurrence %Elasticity (PES, Y…International trad…Business costs, re…Exchange rates (Si…

Difficulty trend

Compare difficulty across recent years.

3.42020320213.42022320233.52024

Time vs marks

Compare marks with suggested time allocation to plan exam pacing.

MarksMinutesMarks / min

Paper 1 - Question 1

0.50 m/min
5
10

Paper 1 - Question 2

0.91 m/min
20
22

Paper 1 - Question 3

0.87 m/min
20
23

Paper 1 - Question 4

0.87 m/min
20
23

Paper 2 - Question 1

0.91 m/min
20
22

Paper 2 - Question 2

0.91 m/min
20
22

Paper 2 - Question 3

0.87 m/min
20
23

Paper 2 - Question 4

0.87 m/min
20
23

Total marks

145

Total time

168 min

Avg pace

0.86

Next-year prediction

Topics worth watching next year, with the reason shown directly below each bar.

Globalisation (MNC impact and trade protectionism)

88%

88%

The labour market (Trade Unions and Labour Supply)

82%

82%

Difficulty Verdict

Overall, the Summer 2024 series presented a fair yet rigorous test of economic competency. Paper 1 (Microeconomics) leaned heavily on clear graphical proficiency and fundamental cost classifications, while Paper 2 (Macroeconomics) demanded strong analytical chains regarding contemporary global challenges such as trade integration and environmental conservation. The overall difficulty is rated at a 3.5 out of 5, representing a balanced paper with accessible entry points but highly differentiating evaluation questions.

Examiner notes & key calculations

  • Calculating Variable Costs: A notable pitfall was including the machine purchase price or insurance in the calculation for total variable costs, failing to identify them as fixed overheads.
  • Elasticity Dynamics: When assessing whether price increases always lead to higher revenue, candidates often overlooked the critical role of price elasticity of demand (PED), missing out on Level 3 analysis by ignoring elastic versus inelastic price-revenue relationships.
  • Evaluating Tariffs: Discussions on tariffs (such as Brazil's tariff on tyres) frequently suffered from one-sidedness, where candidates failed to balance domestic producer protection against the retaliatory actions of trading partners and the welfare loss for consumers.

Analysis is paraphrased for study purposes. Always verify against the official examiner report and mark scheme.

ECONOMICS/12 — Pearson Edexcel IGCSE Economics (2024) | Revui